{"id":8984,"date":"2024-08-21T15:05:20","date_gmt":"2024-08-21T19:05:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/?page_id=8984"},"modified":"2025-12-10T11:38:04","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T16:38:04","slug":"cayden-knight","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/index.php\/students\/2024-2\/cs488\/cayden-knight\/","title":{"rendered":"Cayden Knight"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Abstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As AI-generated images continue to close the gap between authentic and synthetic content, it becomes increasingly difficult to distinguish between the two with the naked eye. My project dives into the frequency domain to expose artifacts that aren\u2019t visible in the spatial domain. I tested a simple MLP that only looks at a 1D FFT profile and compared it to a deeper CNN that processes the full 2D FFT magnitude spectrum. The difference between the two was noticeable: the MLP topped out at 59%, while the CNN reached 88%. This indicates that the frequency domain does contain useful artifacts, but only a model with sufficient depth and spatial awareness can effectively learn and utilize them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Graphical Diagram<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"427\" height=\"812\" src=\"https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Diagramv1.drawio-3-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10555\" srcset=\"https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Diagramv1.drawio-3-1.png 427w, https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Diagramv1.drawio-3-1-158x300.png 158w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 427px) 100vw, 427px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Graphical Abstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Grpahical-abstract.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10552\" srcset=\"https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Grpahical-abstract.png 960w, https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Grpahical-abstract-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Grpahical-abstract-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gitlab url<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/code.cs.earlham.edu\/ctknight22\/Senior-Capstone\/-\/tree\/main\">https:\/\/code.cs.earlham.edu\/ctknight22\/Senior-Capstone\/-\/tree\/main<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Paper<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a href=\"https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/finaltechreport.pdf\">Final Technical Report<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/finaltechreport.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download>Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Software Demonstration Video<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Senior Capstone\" width=\"940\" height=\"705\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-PZIqW_drbE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abstract As AI-generated images continue to close the gap between authentic and synthetic content, it becomes increasingly difficult to distinguish between the two with the naked eye. My project dives into the frequency domain to expose artifacts that aren\u2019t visible &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/index.php\/students\/2024-2\/cs488\/cayden-knight\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":148,"featured_media":0,"parent":8534,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8984","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cayden Knight - CS\/DS Student Portfolios<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portfolios.cs.earlham.edu\/index.php\/students\/2024-2\/cs488\/cayden-knight\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cayden Knight - CS\/DS Student Portfolios\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Abstract As AI-generated images continue to close the gap between authentic and synthetic content, it becomes increasingly difficult to distinguish between the two with the naked eye. 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